邻苯二甲酸酯详解
时间: 2018-05-30 16:16
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邻苯简介： 邻苯二甲酸酯及其盐，又称酞酸酯，是塑胶工业中最为常见的塑化剂，邻苯二甲酸酯主要用于乙烯基材料（如PVC）中，使硬塑胶变为有弹性的塑胶，起到增塑剂的作用。 它
邻苯简介：
邻苯二甲酸酯及其盐，又称酞酸酯，是塑胶工业中最为常见的塑化剂，邻苯二甲酸酯主要用于乙烯基材料（如PVC）中，使硬塑胶变为有弹性的塑胶，起到增塑剂的作用。
它被普遍应用于玩具、食品包装材料、医用血袋和胶管、乙烯地板和壁纸、清洁剂、润滑油、个人护理用品（如指甲油、头发喷雾剂、香皂和洗发液）等数百种产品中；
邻苯二甲酸酯对人体的健康有严重的危害；含有邻苯二甲酸酯的软塑料玩具及儿童用品如果被小孩放进口中时间足够长，就会导致邻苯二甲酸酯的溶出量超过安全水平，会危害儿童的肝脏和肾脏，也可引起儿童性早熟。3
因此世界各国纷纷建立规范，以减少邻苯二甲酸酯类对人体的危害。
塑胶中常添加的邻苯二甲酸盐（酯）类有下列16种：
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DMP |
Dimethyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二甲酯 |
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DEP |
Diethyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 |
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DPrP |
Dipropyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二丙酯 |
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DIBP |
Diisobutyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯 |
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DBP |
Dibutyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯 |
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DPP |
Dipentyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二戊酯 |
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BBP |
Benzyl butyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯 |
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DCHP |
Dicyclohexyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二环己酯 |
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DEHP |
Di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己基酯 |
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DIOP |
Diisooctyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯 |
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DHP |
Diheptyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二庚酯 |
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DNOP |
Di-n-octyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯 |
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DINP |
Diisononyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯 |
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DNP |
Dinonyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二壬酯 |
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DIDP |
Diisodecyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯 |
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DNHP |
Di-n-hexyl phthalate |
邻苯二甲酸二已酯 |
国际法规：
1、欧盟 REACH 法规：
1.1 附录 XVII 限用物质列表-第 51,52 条
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产品范围 |
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要求 |
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儿童护理产品和儿童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的儿童护理产品和儿童玩具 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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2018 年 3 月 28 日，欧盟委员会向 WTO 递交了法规草案 G/TBT/N/EU/564，拟修订 REACH 附录 XVII 限制物质列表第 51 条邻苯二甲酸酯的管控要求。
具体拟修订的内容如下：
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产品范围 |
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修改前要求 |
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修改后的要求 |
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儿童护理产品和儿童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
DEHP+DBP+BBP+DIBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的儿童护理产品和儿童玩具 |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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所有物品中的塑化材料（法规生效后18 |
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无要求 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP+DIBP＜0.1% |
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个月） |
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1.2 REACH-SVHC 候选物质清单 |
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REACH 183 项 SVHC 中有 15 项邻苯。 |
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序号 |
中文名称 |
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英文名称 |
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缩写 |
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CAS# |
EC# |
批次 |
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1 |
邻苯二甲酸甲苯基丁酯 |
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Benzyl butyl phthalate |
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BBP |
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85-68-7 |
201-622-7 |
第 1 批 |
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2 |
邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己 |
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Bis (2-ethyl(hexyl)phthalate) (DEHP) |
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DEHP |
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85-68-7 |
204-211-0 |
第 1，12 批 |
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基）酯 |
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3 |
邻苯二甲酸二丁基酯 |
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Dibutyl phthalate |
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DBP |
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84-74-2 |
201-557-4 |
第 1 批 |
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4 |
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯 |
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Diisobutyl phthalate |
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DIBP |
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84-69-5 |
201-553-2 |
第 2 批 |
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5 |
邻苯二甲酸二(C7-11 支 |
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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DHNUP |
68515-42-4 |
271-084-6 |
第 5 批 |
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链与直链)烷基酯 |
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di-C7-11-branched and linear alkyl esters |
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6 |
邻苯二甲酸二(C6-8 支 |
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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DIHP |
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71888-89-6 |
276-158-1 |
第 5 批 |
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链)烷基酯，富 C7 链 |
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di-C6-8-branched alkyl esters, C7-rich |
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7 |
邻苯二甲酸二甲氧乙酯 |
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Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate |
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DMEP |
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117-82-8 |
204-212-6 |
第 6 批 |
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8 |
邻苯二甲酸二戊酯（支 |
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dipentylester, |
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84777-06-0 |
284-032-2 |
第 8 批 |
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链与直链） |
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branched and linear |
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9 |
邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯 |
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Diisopentylphthalate |
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DIPP |
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605-50-5 |
210-088-4 |
第 8 批 |
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10 |
邻苯二甲酸正戊基异戊 |
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N-pentyl-isopentylphtalate |
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776297-69- |
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第 8 批 |
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基酯 |
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9 |
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11 |
邻苯二甲酸二正戊脂 |
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Dipentyl phthalate |
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DPP |
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131-18-0 |
205-017-9 |
第 9 批 |
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12 |
邻苯二甲酸二已酯 |
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di-n-hexyl phthalate |
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DNHP |
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84-75-3 |
201-559-5 |
第 10 批 |
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13 |
邻苯二甲酸二已酯（支 |
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dihexyl ester, |
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68515-50-4 |
271-093-5 |
第 11 批 |
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链与直链） |
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branched and linear |
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邻苯二甲酸二烷基 |
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1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, |
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68515-51-5 |
271-094-0 |
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14 |
（C6-C10）酯； |
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di-C6-10-alkyl esters; |
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第 13 批 |
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邻苯二甲酸（己基，辛 |
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1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mixed decyl |
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基，癸基混合）酯 |
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and hexyl and octyl diesters |
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68648-93-1 |
272-013-1 |
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15 |
邻苯二甲酸二环己酯 |
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Dicyclohexyl phthalate |
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DCHP |
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84-61-7 |
201-545-9 |
2018-4-25 |
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2 |
、欧盟 |
RoHS |
指令（ |
2015/863/EU |
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物质 |
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限值 |
强制实施日期 |
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邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基已)酯(DEHP) |
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0.1% |
除医疗设备和监测和控制器械以外的电子 |
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邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 （DBP） |
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0.1% |
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产品：2019-7-22 |
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邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBP） |
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0.1% |
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医疗设备和监测和控制器械：2021-7-22 |
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邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP) |
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0.1% |
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3、美国消费品法案 CPSIA
2017 年 10 月 27 日，美国消费者产品安全委员会(CPSC)发布最终规则(16 CFR Part 1307)，修订了玩具
和儿童护理产品中的邻苯二甲酸酯要求。新规则于 2018 年 4 月 25 日生效。
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序号 |
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邻苯 |
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CAS 号 |
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要求 |
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范围 |
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要求 |
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1 |
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DBP |
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84-74-2 |
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0.1% |
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2 |
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BBP |
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85-68-7 |
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0.1% |
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3 |
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DEHP |
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117-81-7 |
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0.1% |
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4 |
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DIBP |
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84-69-5 |
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0.1% |
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5 |
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DPENP |
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131-18-0 |
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所有的玩具和儿 |
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0.1% |
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童护理产品 |
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6 |
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DHEXP |
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84-75-3 |
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0.1% |
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（DnHP） |
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7 |
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DCHP |
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84-61-7 |
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0.1% |
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8 |
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DINP |
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25883-12-0&68515-4 |
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0.1% |
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8-0 |
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9 |
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DNOP |
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117-84-0 |
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无要求 |
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10 |
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DIDP |
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26761-40-0& |
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无要求 |
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68515-49-1 |
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4 |
、美国加州 |
65 |
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管辖的邻苯 |
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要求 |
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产品范围 |
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1、禁止企业向饮用水源排 |
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法规本身没有针对具体的产 |
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放； |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP，DIDP，DnHP， |
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品；后续出现诉讼案例后， |
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2、明知或有意暴露于消费 |
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DINP |
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者的时提供“清晰且合理的 |
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会对具体产品做出限值规 |
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定。 |
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警告”。 |
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加州 65 部分案例： |
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案例号 |
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产品范围 |
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限制的邻苯 |
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限值 |
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BG07350969 |
玩具和儿童护理产 |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP， |
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单项＜0.1% |
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DIDP，DnHP |
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CIV 474817 |
头戴式耳机线皮 |
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DBP,BBP, |
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单项＜100ppm |
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DEHP,DIDP,DnHP |
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CGC-11-514883 |
耳机，耳塞 |
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DBP,BBP, |
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单项＜1000ppm |
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DEHP,DIDP,DnHP |
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5 |
、加州 |
AB1108 |
法案 |
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产品范围 |
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限制的邻苯 |
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限值 |
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所有的儿童玩具和儿童护理产品 |
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DEHP，DBP，BBP |
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单项＜0.1% |
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供三岁以下儿童使用，可放入口中的儿 |
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DINP，DIDP，DNOP |
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单项＜0.1% |
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童护理产品 |
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6 |
、加拿大消费品法案 |
CCPSA |
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儿童玩具和儿童护理产品的软 |
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DEHP/DBP/BBP |
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0.1%（单个） |
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质乙烯基材料 |
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邻苯二甲酸酯条例 |
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可被四岁以下儿童放入口中的 |
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(SOR/2016-188) |
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儿童玩具和儿童护理用品中的 |
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DINP/DIDP/DNOP |
0.1%（单个） |
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软质乙烯基材料 |
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7 |
、日本玩具标准 |
ST2016 |
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所有儿童玩具中的塑化材料 |
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DEHP/DBP/BBP |
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0.1%（单个） |
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意图直接接触婴儿嘴部的玩具 |
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DINP/DIDP/DNOP |
0.1%（单个） |
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ST 2016 |
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部件 |
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意图不直接接触婴儿嘴部的玩 |
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DINP |
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0.1% |
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具中的聚氯乙烯树脂 |
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8、国际玩具标准 ISO8124-6
ISO8124-6 目前只是一个玩具材料中邻苯 6P（DBP,BBP,DEHP,DINP,DNOP,DIDP）测试方法，暂时没有限值。
9、中国玩具标准 GB6675.1
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产品范围 |
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要求 |
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所有儿童玩具 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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可放入口中的儿童玩具 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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10 |
、中国玩具涂料标准 |
GB |
24613-2009 |
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产品范围 |
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要求 |
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DEHP+DBP+BBP＜0.1% |
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玩具涂料 |
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DINP+DIDP+DNOP＜0.1% |
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常见标准限制邻苯汇总： |
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规管范围/引文 |
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邻苯二甲酸 |
美国联邦 |
美国加利福尼亚 |
欧盟 |
加拿大 CCPSA |
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美国 CPSIA |
加州 65 法 |
加州 AB1108 |
REACH 法规 |
邻苯二甲酸酯条 |
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酯 |
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法案 |
案 |
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法案 |
附件 17 |
例(SOR/2016-188) |
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BBP |
√ |
√ |
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DBP |
√ |
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√ |
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DEHP |
√ |
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√ |
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DIDP |
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DINP |
√ |
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√ |
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√ |
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DNOP |
--- |
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√ |
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√ |
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DnHP |
√ |
√ |
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--- |
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DIBP |
√ |
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DPENP |
√ |
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DCHP |
√ |
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本文由第三方权威检测机构--北测标准收集整理发布
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